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Human Trafficking Defined
The U.S. Department of State defines severe forms of human trafficking as sex trafficking in which a commercial sex act is induced by force, fraud, or coercion, or in which the person induced to perform such an act has not attained 18 years of age; or the recruitment, harboring, transportation, provision, or obtaining of a person for labor or services, through the use of force, fraud, or coercion for the purpose of subjection to involuntary servitude, peonage, debt bondage, or slavery.
Forced Labor
Most commonly, crooked employers find loops for exploiting vulnerable workers who are suffering from a variety of economic hardships. These individuals may be subjected to involuntary servitude, through forced/coerced househould or factory work.
Bonded Labor
A form of forced labor placing the victim in debt to their exploiter; also referred to as debt bondage. This happens when the traffickers initiate a debt as part of the original terms of employment (though the terms of employment may have been false).
Involuntary Servitude
Domestic servitude victims may be trapped in private homes through such force as physical or emotional abuse. Children are extremley vulnerable, especially in countries with a high demand for domestic servants like Asia and the Middle East.
Forced Child Labor
Any child who is subject to involuntary servitude, debt bondage, peonage, or slavery through the use of force, fraud, or coercion is a victim of trafficking in persons regardless of the location of that exploitation.
Child Soldiers
Child soldiering is a unique and severe manifestation of trafficking in persons that involves the unlawful recruitment of children through force, fraud, or coercion to be exploited for their labor or to be abused as sex slaves in conflict areas.
Sex Trafficking and Prostitution
The illegal sex trade accounts for a significant portion of all human trafficking and the majority of transnational modern-day slavery. The demand for commercial sex around the globe enables sex trafficking to flourish.
Children Sex Tourism
This occurs when individuals typically travel to developing countries where they can commit commercial sex acts with minors; a form of violent child abuse. The consequences for the children include long-lasting physical and psychological trauma, disease (including HIV/AIDS), drug addiction, unwanted pregnancy, malnutrition, social ostracism, and possibly death. CST is often fueled by weak law enforcement, corruption, the Internet, ease of travel, and poverty.
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